Gonzales and Montoya Marriage Reveals Complex Relationship

On September 27, 1845, Jose Sebastian Gonzales married Maria Victoriana Montoya in the San Miguel Mission, Socorro, New Mexico. He was the legitimate son of (Jose) Manuel Gonzales and Margarita Montoya; she was the legitimate daughter of (Jose) Bauptista Montoya and Mariana (or Maria Antonia) Garcia. The screen shots of two separate pages in the San Miguel Mission marriage book shown below is the record of their marriage. 1. 

Recently, I found that the ThruLines (tm) program in Ancestry.com misidentified Maria Victoriana's parantage. It suggested that she was the daughter of Juan Montoya, my ancestor. However, she is actually the daughter of his brother Juan Bautista Montoya.

My ancestor Juan Montoya was married to Maria Manuela Garcia Jurado (among others.) He was the son of Antonio Montoya and Maria Guadalupe Salazar; she was the daughter of Francisco Xavier Garcia and Maria Josefa Sanchez. 2. 

On the other hand, Victoriana's parents are siblings of Juan Montoya and Maria Manuela Garcia Jurado. Juan Bautista Montoya was the son of Antonio Montoya and Maria Guadalupe Salazar. Mariana (or Maria Antonia) Garcia was the daughter of Francisco Xavier Garcia Jurado and Maria Josefa Sanchez. 3. In other words, two Montoya brothers with similar names married two Garcia Jurado sisters with similar names. 

As further proof, below are two separate census records from Socorro for the different families. Please note that Victoriana is listed in the Bautista Montoya family:

C(asado)* Juan MONTOYA ................... 39

                Maria Manuela GARCIA ........ 35

                Felipe ...................................... 11

                Pedro ........................................  7

                Juan de Jesus ............................ 4

* "Casado" means "married". 4. 

Bautista MONTOYA  ......................... 34

Mariana GARCIA ................................. 28

Victoriana ............................................... 13

Eugenia ....................................................  8

Casimira ...................................................  6

Maria Micaela ........................................  3 5.

Sources: 

1. "Microfilm # 16996," database of digital images, San Miguel Mission, Socorro, New Mexico, Archives of the Archdiocese of Santa Fe, FamilySearch (www.familysearch.org: accessed 19 March 2022), marriage record: Jose Sebastian Gonzales and Maria Victoriana Montoya, 27 September 1845, images 92 & 93.

2. This relationship is shown through their children's baptisms. For example: Juan Nepomuceno Montoya, born 14 March 1822. Source: Lila Armijo Pfeufer, Margaret Leonard Windham, and and Evelyn Lujan Baca, New Mexico Baptisms San Miguel de Socorro Church: 1821-1853 (Albuquerque: New Mexico Genealogical Society, 1998), p. 4.

3. This relationship is shown through ther chidlren's baptism. For example, the baptism of Victoriana Garcia herself. Source: Lila Armijo Pfeufer, Margaret Leonard Windham, and and Evelyn Lujan Baca, New Mexico Baptisms San Miguel de Socorro Church: 1821-1853 (Albuquerque: New Mexico Genealogical Society, 1998), p. 4.

4.  Teresa Ramirez Alief Jose Gonzales and Patrica Black Esterly, New Mexico Censuses of 1833 and 1845: Socorro and Surrounding Communities of the Rio Abajo (Albuquerque: New Mexico Genealogical Society, 1994), p. 4.

5. Teresa Ramirez Alief Jose Gonzales and Patrica Black Esterly, New Mexico Censuses of 1833 and 1845: Socorro and Surrounding Communities of the Rio Abajo (Albuquerque: New Mexico Genealogical Society, 1994), p. 5.

 

Marriage Record of Francisco Antonio Garcia and Maria Guadalupe Torres

                                       

 Marriage Record: Francisco Antonio Garcia and Maria Guadalupe Torres, 23 February 1825, San Miguel Church, Socorro, New Mexico. 

Source:  "Microfilm # 16996," database of digital images, San Miguel Mission, Socorro, New Mexico, Archives of the Archdiocese of Santa Fe, FamilySearch (www.familysearch.org: accessed 5 March 2022), marriage record: Francisco Antonio Garcia and Maria Guadalupe Torres, 23 February 1825, image # 14.

Above is the image of my 4th great-grandparents marriage record. The record indicates that Francisco Antonio Garcia, 27 years old (single), was the son of Francisco Gabien (Xavier) Garcia, dead, and Maria Josefa Sanches, also dead. He married Maria Guadalupe Torres, 13 years old (single), the daughter of Santigo Torres and Maria Barbara Ortis, who were living in Socorro. The padrinos (best man and matron of honor) were Jose Antonio Baca* and Maria Manuela Barreras. The witnesses were Antonio de Jesus Marques, Jose Rafael Lopes, and Diego Antonio Belesques. A prenuptial investigation (diligencia)  was performed on the couple. Click on this link to view the marriage record. You may have to search for image # 14.

A transcription of the prenuptial investigation (diligencia matrimonio) can be found at this link.**

* Jose Antonio Baca was Francisco Antonio Garcia's half 2nd cousin, once removed through their mutual ancestor Ramon Garcia Jurado. See the chart below. (Sources available upon request.)

** After clicking the link, scroll down to "Fray Angelico Chavez’s New Mexico Roots (1678 - 1869)". Click on Volume IV, and search for page 626. You'll find the investigation there.

Source: Fray Angelico Chavez, New Mexico Roots, Ltd.: A Demographic Perspective from genealogical, historical and geographic data found in the Diligencias Matrimoniales or Pre-Nuptial Investigations (1678-1869) of the Archives of the Archdiocese of Santa Fe. (Santa Fe, New Mexico: typescript, 1982), Volume 4, p. 626.

Zuni Pueblo Ancestor: Josefa de Hinojos, wife of Diego Montoya

Certain words and phrases in this article have links to articles and a video on the Internet. Click on the underlined words to review these site.

Josefa de Hinojos is a common ancestor of many New Mexicans. She was the wife of Diego Montoya, and had at least seven children. My research shows that I descend from her at least 22 times, with all four of my grandparents being descendants. 

In the prenuptial investigation of her descendants, Josefa de Hinojos is alleged to be a coyota of the Zuni people. A "coyota" was a woman of mixed Spanish and Native American ancestry. She is also noted to be the sister of and Indian named Ventura.1.

DNA tests analyzed by the New Mexico Genealogical Society DNA Project Team has identified five Josefa de Hinojos's matrilineal descendants as being in the mtDNA Haplogroup C1b11, a Native American haplogroup. Researcher Miguel A. Torrez wrote that DNA research technology is not able to identify which specific tribe their ancestor is from. 2. 

New Mexican Hispanics will find that they most undoubtably have Native American Ancestry. When the Spanish conquered Mexico, they paired off with and had children with Native American women. Their descendants of mixed race came to New Mexico and mingled with various Pueblo tribes here. Captured native children, known as genizaros - sold to and raised by Spanish families - were freed and blended in with the growing mestizo population of New Mexico.

My ancestry includes all of these people. The paper trail frequently lists my forebears as  "mestizo", "indio" and "genizaro". My DNA results show from 18% (FamilyTreeDNA) to 23% (Ancestry.com) indigenous American blood. When I began understanding the true nature of my ancestry decades ago, I began celebrating the diversity of my family. This fact is not unique to me. The only uniqueness of my ancestry is that only my sisters and I have the specific combination of our pedigree. However, all Nuevo Mexicanos can tell this mestizo story.

In his presentation "Nuevomejicano Ancestors with Spanish & Indian Antecedants", Jose Antonio Esquibel profiles Josefa de Hinojos. I linked the video at the 8 minute, 46 second mark when he begins talking about Josefa. However, I suggest you rewind the video to the beginning. Earlier in the video, Esquibel explains how our mestizo ancestors helped negotiate with their Indian cousins to end the 17th Century Pueblo Revolt and allow the Spaniards to occupy New Mexico once again. There were definite close familial bonds between the Spanish and Pueblo residents of the Kingdom. 

Endnotes:

1. Fray Angelico Chavez, New Mexico Roots, Ltd.: A Demographic Perspective from genealogical, historical and geographic data found in the Diligencias Matrimoniales or Pre-Nuptial Investigations (1678-1869) of the Archives of the Archdiocese of Santa Fe. (Santa Fe, New Mexico: typescript, 1982), volume 2, p. 316. Prenuptial Investigation of Jose Vicente Duran y Chaves and Maria Concepcion Aragon.

2. Daria Celeste Landress, Henrietta Martinez Christmas, and Miguel A. Torrez, "Josefa de Hinojos: Colonial-period matriarch of New Mexico and Haplogroup C1b11," New Mexico Genealogist, 60 (March 2021): pp. 30-42.