Sometimes by posting on social media, a genealogist can correct mistakes in his or her research. Friends online can help by offering information unknown to the researcher. This certainly occurred after I posted on Facebook information I found about my great-grandparents’ property in Magdalena, New Mexico.
On March 6, 1916, my great grandfather Juan Baca y Luna purchased property in Magdalena, New Mexico from Telesfor Chavez y Castillo and his wife Maria Manuela Chavez. He paid $140 for the property. [Socorro County (New Mexico). County Recorder. Image Group N.] Magdalena is a community about 20 miles from the county seat of Socorro, New Mexico. It is located east of the Socorro Mountains. I’ve traveled to that village many times. It’s a pathway to get to Southern Arizona to visit my mother-in-law, as well as a way to get to the Alamo Navajo Reservation where my sister once worked and lived. The reservation is about 20 miles north of the village.
My great-grandfather Juan was the son of Martin Baca and Maria Rita Luna. [Baptism: Juan Vaca] Through his father, he was a descendant of Luis Maria Cabeza de Baca; Martin being one of around 100 grandchildren of my fourth great-grandfather. Martin had moved from Peña Blanca [Windham, p. 157] to Lemitar, New Mexico with his brothers [1860 U.S. Census] between 1850 and 1860, and married into the Luna family [Matrimonios, p. 53] who had also set up roots in the little hamlet of Lemitar.
Juan Baca y Luna married Carolina Bourguignon on April 23, 1900 in Socorro [AASF # 16997]. She was the daughter of a German immigrant, Philip Bourguignon, who fought in the American Civil War. [1890 U.S. Special Census] Her mother was Maria Tomasa Gonzales, a daughter of a family with deep New Mexican roots. [Microfilm #16994, Baptism: Maria Tomasa Gonzales] Philip and Maria Tomasa married on October 27, 1857 in Socorro. [Matrimonios, p. 20]
On April 8, 1919, my great-grandparents Juan and Carolina sold the Magdalena property they owned to Martiniano Chavez y Castillo for $500. The document indicated that Juan and Carolina were living in Magdalena at the time. [Socorro County (New Mexico). County Recorder, images 360 & 361] Until finding the warranty deed that conveyed this property, I didn’t know that my great grandparents owned property in Magdalena. The 1910 and 1920 census records both indicated that Juan lived with his family in Lemitar [1910 & 1920 Lemitar Censuses], not Magdalena. Lemitar is 7 miles North of Socorro, and so, following present-day freeways, it is nearly 30 miles distant from Magdalena. It would be interesting to find out whether they would have taken the same paths or would have found a more direct pathway to that area.
My dad’s cousin Edward Baca had a possible explanation of what was going on regarding my great-grandparents’ property in Magdalena. On a Facebook post, Edward stated that
“My dad (Lorenzo Baca) told me that when he was a boy on the farm in Lemitar, he would accompany Papa Juan (Baca y Luna) on a wagon drawn by a team of horses to Magdalena to sell produce. Magdalena was a good market at that point in time because the Kelly mines were in full operation and the economy was booming there. The journey would take two days, with them camping on the first night out. On the second day they would arrive in Magdalena and sell their produce, then return to the farm by the same route. On one trip, they took a pig with them, which they sold to a rancher. When they got back to the farm in Lemitar, they were surprised to learn that the pig had gotten back before them. Evidently, he escaped from his new owner and made a beeline back to familiar surroundings. There was no school in Lemitar at that time, so when my dad was 11 or 12 years old and your grandfather Robert was around 9, Juan took them to Magdalena, found them a place to live and enrolled them in school there. When not in school, my dad recounted that he and Robert earned money by cleaning businesses after hours and doing other odd jobs. I don’t know how long they stayed in Magdalena, but my dad told a couple of interesting stories: One Saturday night they heard a series of gun shots coming from a nearby saloon. They ran over to see what the commotion was and learned that several drunken miners were killed in a gunfight! The other story that my dad told me was that a son of the famous sheriff Elfego Baca stole all their firewood one night. So, this is all to say that maybe the property that Juan sold in 1919 was the place where my dad and his brother, Robert, were staying when they lived in Magdalena.” (Edward R. Baca, 2025)
My great-uncle Lorenzo was born on August 17, 1904 (AASF # 16994.), while my grandfather Robert was born on May 11, 1907. (AASF # 16994.) Lorenzo would have been 11 years old when the property was bought, while Robert would have been 8. When the property was sold, they would have been 14 and 11 years old, respectively. Regardless if they actually lived on Juan and Carolina’s property in Magdalena, that property was in their possession during the early school years of their two oldest boys.
So, who is this Chavez y Castillo family that my great-grandparents bought and sold their property to? The first property document I found was the quit claim deed for my great-grandparents’ sale of the property in 1919. It listed the grantee as Martiniano Chavez y Castillo. Originally, I thought that this man was Martiniano Chavez, married to Magdalena Castillo [Belen Marriages, 1873.] However, the standard Spanish naming practice is that a man includes both his father’s and mother’s surnames. Martiniano's parents were Chavez and Baca; he would have had the surname Chavez y Baca. A relative of this family, Kathy Sanchez Avila, commented on my Facebook post that the Martiniano mentioned in the deed was actually a son of Jose Mauricio Chavez y Baca. [Sanchez Avila, 2025] His mother’s surname is Castillo, so his full name would be Martiano Chavez y Castillo. [1885 U.S. Census, Jarales] He was the nephew of the previous Martiniano. Juan Baca y Luna bought the property in 1916 from his brother Telesfor [proof of relationship: 1885 U.S. Census, Jarales and the Marriage Record of Telesfor Chavez and Maria Manuela Montoya.]
Kathy Sanchez Avila also posted on Facebook that her 2nd great-grandfather Jose Mauricio Chavez y Baca owned property that eventually became the Alamo Navajo Reservation. [Sanchez Avila, 2025.] Jose (Mauricio) Chavez y Baca’s family can be found in a community called Santa Rita in the 1900 census. [1900 Santa Rita Census] According to place name historian, Robert Julyan, Santa Rita is a community later known as Riley, which was 20 miles north of Magdalena, near the Rio Salado. [Julyan, pp. 290-291] A Google Map search indicates that Riley is indeed near the Alamo Navajo Reservation and the Rio Salado. [Google Maps, 2025]
There is quite a lot more that can be written about Jose Mauricio Chavez y Baca and his family. For example, they are descended from founders of the Socorro Land Grant. However, I will leave that family history for a later post.
As I was writing this post, I found one more property transfer. Apparently, Martiniano Chavez y Castillo and his wife sold property to Juan Baca y Luna 10 days after they bought property from Juan, for the price of "one dollar & other valuable considerations...." [Socorro County (New Mexico). County Recorder, images 377 & 378] I have not yet found the deed that later transferred this property to someone else.
Follow this link to view images of the three deeds mentioned in this article. I've also included 9 generation ancestral narrative reports for both my grandfather Robert Bourguignon Baca and Martiniano Chavez y Castillo.
Works Cited
Archives of the Archdiocese of Santa Fe, New Mexico, Roll # 16994.
Archives of the Archdiocese of Santa Fe, New Mexico, Roll # 16997.
Baca, Edward R. Facebook, Comment on Robert James Baca's September 1, 2025 Facebook post, "Baca Family sells property in Magdalena, New Mexico", 2 September 2025, www.facebook.com. Accessed 7 September 2025.
1885 U.S. Census, Valencia County, Territory of New Mexico, population schedule, Jarales, enumeration district (ED) 37, p. 2, dwelling # 14, family # 14, Jose Baca y Chavez; digital images, Ancestry.com (www.ancestry.com : accessed 21 July 2021).
1890 Special U.S. Census: Surviving Soldier, Sailors and Marines, and Widows, Etc., Socorro County, Territory of New MExico, special schedule, Precinct No. 4, enumeration district (ED) 83, p. 1, house # 291, family #291, Philip Bourguignon; digital images,.
1860 U.S. Census, Socorro County, New Mexico, population schedule, Town of Lemitar, p. 63, dwelling # 648, family #580, Louis Baca; digital images, Ancestry.com (www.ancestry.com : accessed 6 March 2010).
Family Search (www.familysearch.org : accessed 2 September 2025), image, "Marriage Record: Telesfor Chavez and Maria Manuela Montoya, 30 July 1902," image # 121.
Google Map search: Riley, New Mexico.” Google Maps, 7 September 2025, https://maps.app.goo.gl/X6zknd5pVRV4rDWt7. Accessed 7 September 2025.
Julyan, Robert. The place names of New Mexico. University of New Mexico Press, 1996.
Margaret Leonard Windham editor, New Mexico 1850 Territorial Census, Vol. II: Rio Arriba and Santa Ana Counties (Albuquerque: New Mexico Genealogical Society, 1976.).
Matrimonios: San Miguel del Socorro, 1 January 1854 - 31 December 1900; San Ignacio y San Cristobal, 1 March 1869 - 31 December 1900; San Marcial, 26 March 1883 - 31 December 1902; Our Lady of Sorrows of La Jolla, 1 January 1872 - 31 December 1900 (Alburqu.
Microfilm # 16734, Belen Marriages 1856-1911, 1917-1956," Family Search, FamilySearch.org (www.familysearch.org : accessed 7 July 2021), digial image, "marriage record: Martriano Chavez and Magdalena Casatillo, 10 February 1873," image # 90
“Microfilm # 16994, Church Records 1821-1956, Catholic Church. San Miguel (Socorro, New Mexico)," Family Search, FamilySearch.org (www.familysearch.org : accessed 21 May 2018), digital image, "baptism: Juan Vaca, 11 February 1871," image # 82.
Microfilm # 16994, Church Records 1821-1956, Catholic Church. San Miguel (Socorro, New Mexico)," Family Search, FamilySearch.org (www.familysearch.org : accessed 5 June 2021), baptism, "Carolina Bourguignon, 13 July 1882, image # 233.
1900 U.S. Census, Socorro County, New Mexico, population schedule, Precinct No. 31, Santa Rita, enumeration district (ED) 151, sheet 5A, dwelling # 49, family # 52, Jose Chavez y Baca; digital images, Ancestry.com (www.ancestry.com : accessed 21 July 2021).
1910 U.S. Census, Socorro County, Territory of New Mexico, population schedule, Precinct No. 2, Lemitar, enumeration district (ED) 243, sheet 5B, dwelling # 77, family # 79, Juan Baca; digital images, Ancestry.com (www.ancestry.com : accessed 27 November 2.
1920 U.S. Census, Socorro County, New Mexico, population schedule, Precinct No. 2, Lemitar, enumeration district (ED) 150, sheet 4 B, dwelling # 83, family #84, Juan Baca; digital images, Ancestry.com (www.ancestry.com : accessed 27 November 2019).
Sanchez Avila, Kathy. “Comment on Robert James Baca's September 1, 2025 Facebook post "Baca family sells property in Magdalena, New Mexico."” Facebook, 1 September 2025, www.facebook.com. Accessed 7 September 2025.
Socorro, New Mexico, United States records," images, FamilySearch (https:// www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-245G?view=fullText : Aug 27, 2025), image 360 and 361 of 1594; Socorro County (New Mexico). County Recorder. Image Group Number: 00814.
"Socorro, New Mexico, United States records," images, FamilySearch (https://
www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-2WD1?view=fullText :
Sep 9, 2025), image 377 & 378 of 1594; Socorro County (New Mexico). County Recorder. Image Group Number: 008148668
Socorro, New Mexico, United States records," images, FamilySearch (https:// www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSK6-DS4D-Z?view=fullText : Sep 7, 2025), image 1277 & 1278 of 1598; Socorro County (New Mexico). County Recorder. Image Group N.